Saturday, 19 October 2013

Early Labour Movement history: Part 2

*THE WORKER*
Brisbane, December 29, 1894.


Labour in Politics.


Yet a strike, costly as it must be even to the victors, is a crude and uncertain method of enforcing the popular will where that will can be voiced, even inadequately, through representative institutions. It is a desperate remedy for a desperate disease; and the ballot box, though slower, is infinitely more sure. This was early recognised by the leaders of the Labour Party in Queensland, and the whole strength of the co-operating unions is now being directed to elect a Parliament which will abolish class privileges, reform unjust laws, and throw open to all the avenues of industry. The success of Labour in Politics has been speedy. In five years its parliamentary representation was increased from one to seventeen members in a House of 72; although the infamous property-vote, which values a man, not by manhood, but by bricks or acres, still blocks the path of Democracy in Queensland. Thomas Glassey, first elected in 1888 to advocate labour claims, was joined by John Hoolan, in 1890; by T.J. Ryan and G.J. Hall in 1892. At the general elections of 1893 – though thwarted and hampered by every device which the Government in office could invent – the Labour Party polled more than a third of the whole number of votes cast; and did the electoral law secure proportional representation, labour would have had twenty-four members to the Ministerialists' twenty-six, instead of fifteen to their thirty-two. The present Government, though it has a majority in Parliament, represents a minority of electors.

* * *

The Labour Party added to its numbers at the Townsville and Ipswich elections, in each case winning the seat in a fashion which left no doubt of the feelings of the electors. Thomas Glassey, the father of the party, returning from the American trip, to which he had been forced by ill health, was elected for Burke in the place of John Hoolan, who resigned in his favour. This election, when the Northern miners voted almost unanimously for a man whom they hardly knew except by repute, and who had pre-previously represented a constituency a thousand miles away, was another decisive proof of the solidarity of Labour.

* * *

The work of the Labour members in the legislative Assembly has hitherto been rather negative and critical than positive and constructive. They are still learning the trade of legislation. Thrown naturally into opposition to a Government, the most dishonest that has ever administered the affairs of Queensland, they have fought stoutly, but in most cases vainly, against that Government's obsequious officials and unscrupulous majority. All the forms of the House, all the resources of the Executive, have been successfully strained to reduce the Labour members to impotence; and they have always known that, should they succeed in pressing through the Assembly any democratic reform, the Legislative Council, hidebound by interest and prejudice, stood ready and eager to stifle it at Boodlewraith's bidding.

* * *

It says much for the character and intellect of the members of the Labour Party that, while slowly learning the rules of the game in the face of brutal arrogance and hardly veiled hostility, they should have already accumulated so many titles to the respect and esteem of electors. Of actually creative work they have done, and had the opportunity to do, little or nothing; but their criticism has been a valuable force in aid of progressive legislation, and the Government which at first jeered and despised them now begins dimly to recognise that entrenched corruption has no puny foe to reckon with. Most noticeable is the manner in which they have conquered adverse or doubtful public opinion. Fault they have, doubtless; there is a tail to the Labour party as to every other party; maybe some of them see their end so clearly that they have not yet accurately calculated the means; but the country understands that they are all events honest, and honesty in Queensland politics is a jewel, so rare as to be beyond all price.

The Opposing Forces.

Thanks to the temperate and judicious conduct of the Labour members, the furious libels circulated against them now fall blunted and harmless. Though the heads of the Government still do their utmost – by magnifying the angry words of injured men, or by holding the mass of the party responsible for the ill-judged acts of a few hot-heads to show that the success of Labour means an era of mob rule accompanied by bloodshed and outrage, the venom has now been rendered comparatively innocuous. The “Red Spectre” has been stripped of his mante, and proves to be merely a broomstick ghost ruddied by the reflection of the fertile Tozerian imagination. And now that people see more clearly what are the merits and demerits of the Labour Party, they see, too, how the flood of abuse poured over that party has served its purpose of distracting attention from the venality and incapacity of assailants.

* * *

Would the heads of the Labour Party, it is beginning to be asked, take advantage of the confidence which placed them in charge of the public purse to pocket immense fees out of all proportion to the services rendered? Would the leader of the Labour Party appoint himself to the highest paid office in his gifts, after inducing a subservant Parliamen to extravagantly increase its emoluments? Would the Labour Party, as shareholders and over-drafters in a bank, plunder the public Treasury for their own benefit; and, having practically stolen millions of public money, pass an Act to give their robbery the sanction of law? Would the Labour Party, having by corrupt and incompetent management of the public finances created a huge revenue deficit, coolly evade their responsibility by shunting the deficit on to the shoulders of posterity as a funded debt which saddles the taxpayers with a large annual interest payment? And is not an honest Labour Government, however inexperienced, better than a Government which only learns from experience how more efficiently to thieve from the people?

* * *

The Grifflwraith coalition took the bad elements from both the parties which formed it, and became a third party which has proved worse than either. The gang now in offices cares nothing for principles or pledges; its only care is to defened its ill gotten booty from the perils of forced restitution, and at all hazards to protect the banks, syndicates, and speculator who are pouching the revenues of the province. The mass of festering corruption behind the doors of the Government department is vaguely hinted in the reports of the Auditor-General; and did his officers dare to write all they know of the manner in which public funds have been and are being converted to private uses, even the lethargic public of Queensland would besom out the brigands in disgust. Political morality, gradually deteriorating from the date of the Griffilwraith coalition, has now disappeared altogether from the Government party. There is absolutely no job too huge or too shameful for the present occupants of the Treasury benches to attempt. Such cynical abandonment to the bestitudes of boodle has never before been witnessed in Australia.


The Government Bank.

On February 28, 1894, a list of shareholders of the Queensland National Bank was filed in the Supreme Court.Thus twenty members of the Queensland Legislature are whole or part owners of 9086 shares in the Queensland National Bank, on which there is a liability of £4 per share, and which are practically unsaleable sellers being nominally quoted at 5s. On the Stock Exchange.

* * *

It is desirable at once to point out that any comment which might be made on this little list can refer only to February 28, 1894, when the persons named were shareholders. Possibly not one of them is a shareholder any longer, and it would be obviously unjust to remark on their non-existent connection with the Q.N. Bank on December 28, 1894. It is desirable also to say that there is not the slightest doubt that every person named in this list has always acted with a single brilliant eye to the interests of his country, and has sacrificed his private profit to the public welfare every time jis two capacities clashed. Jointly and severally, the members of the Queensland Legislature, who are shareholders of the Q.N. Bank, are honourable men of the most genuine and unadultered description. No one, for example, who knows Thomas M'Ilwraith, and who knows the Q.N. Bank, and who knows how Thomas M'Ilwraith knows the Q.N. Bank, can doubt that if, on February 28, 1894, Thomas M'Ilwraith, the legislator, had been called on to vote concerning the disposal of the millions of public money nominally lying round in the Q.N. Bank, Thomas M'Ilwraith, the shareholder, would on that day have been practically dead to the world.

* * *

But suppose for a moment that not the persons in the above list, but twenty other persons, were at the same time shareholders in the bank and legislators in Parliament; and suppose that these twenty other persons were not honest, upright, honourable men, as is every person named in the list, but were politicians who lived on the game, saviours of their country for what they could make out of it, vultures who scented the boodle from afar, low-down legislators on whom there were many flies, and those flies blow-flies; and suppose that these persons were both legislators and shareholders on December 28, 1894; what then would be their position? Readers of the WORKER are aware that for the last 15 years the Q.N. Bank has transacted the Government business, first placed in its hands by Thomas M'Ilwraith when Premier in 1879. They are aware that the Bank must have drawn hundreds of thousands of pounds in profit from this business, since upwards of 23 millions of loss money has passed through it on current account or as fixed deposits – on which the Bank paid interest from 11/2 to 4 per cent, while it was lent out again at from, say, 7 to 9 per cent. They are aware that the fixed deposits of public loan funds were increased until in 1893, when the bank suspended payment, they amounted to £2,441,000. They are aware that, with the connivance of the Government, when the Bank was re-constructed, it was permitted to lock up £2,000,000 of this sum for six years – which, of course, is excellent business for the Bank, since the credit of the province is pledged to provide it at a low rate of interest with money, which it lends out again at a high rate, and possession of the money is guaranteed for a long term by law. It is not safe to assert that these supposititious politicians who were shareholders in the bank, together with others who were indebted to it for advances, would join corrupt hands to starve off their private ruin, should such ever be threatened, at any cost to the country; and would lie unblushingly and steal audaciously provided that their own precious pockets were kept full of the taxpayers' money.

* * *

What a comfort then, to reflect that this illustration is purely imaginery; that every Queensland politician who is a shareholder in the Q.N. Bank, and everyone who owes it money upon an overdraft, lifts continually to a grateful Heaven “the pure white flower of a blameless life”; and that the only reason why they so consistenly put the people's money in the Q.N. Bank, and so persistently refuse to take it out again, is because, on grounds of the most exalted patriotism, they are convinced it is much better for the people that Their money should be safely put away in charge of a sound and dis-interested bank with plenty of ledger figures to certify that it is all right, rather than left knocking round loose where the horrid labour party would be sure to pick it up and make away with it.

The Hope of the Future.

Possibly the Labour Party's excuse for not altogether coinciding in this view of the case is that Labour parties all the world over have little sense of humour. Life is to them a serious thing, and they take it seriously. To the man who does not know where next week's bread is coming from, there is a grim earnest-ness about this week which somehow seems to blunt the spontaneity of laughter. Mirth only bubbles naturally from careless minds and well-filled stomachs. The zest of hunger jars.

* * *

So the labour party in Queensland does not view cheerfully the spectacle of province and Parliament being dragged in financial chains by the Queensland National Bank. Some day, and
soon, it hopes to cut a connection which it believes dishonouring and demoralising, and to administer the country's finances upon an honest basis for the country's benefit, without permitting the the revenues to be sweated for the benefit of political middlemen. It hopes also to establish the principle of one person one vote, to give all of full age and sound mind a voice in making the laws which they are expected to obey, and to found representative institutions upon a truly representative basis. It hopes to abolish the laws which defend the privileges of property and deny the privileges of humanity: to sweep away the cobwebbed statutes of barbarism and enact others breathing the wholesome and merciful spirit of civilisation.

* * *

The watchword of the future is En masse,” says Walt Whitman; and even in the present man is being drawn closer to man. In a savage state the ties of kindred are disregarded, and the son clubs his old parents the moment they grow unable to care for themselves. As knowledge grows and sympathy widens, not only are the bonds of family strengthened , but those of the class, of the society, the country, humanity, spring into vigorous life. When the pulse of Australia tingled to the tale of the London Dock strike, there was evidence that here also the new force of Labour solidarity – unknown fifty years ago – was gathering strength. Thus opponents of the Labour cause have not only to fight Labour arguments and Labour politicians – though even these can give shrewd knocks; they have also to contend with the zeitgeiat, the influence which pervades thought, and life, and literature, and is lifting society in its own despite as a tiny plant seeking the light will lift and thrust aside a heavy stone. And when once the zeitgeist tackles a man, he may take his beating lying down or he may take is fighting, but he will inevitably be beaten.

* * *

The Labour Party in Queensland does not seek to deny that many among its opponents hold these views with just as much conviction as it holds its own. It struggles for the fraternity, which is the kernel of Socialism; but it cannot say how long the opposing forces may retard the realisation of its splendid ideal. Yet it feels that if not in its own way, and in its own time, yet somehow, sometime, the perfect day will follow on the promise of the dawn.

Tis coming up the steep of Time,
And this old world is growing brighter;
We may not see that day sublime,
Yet high hopes make the heart throb lighter;
Our dust may slumber underground,
When it awakes the world in wonder;
But we have felt it gathering round -
Have heard its voice of distant thunder;
Tis coming; yes, 'Tis coming!

Tis coming now, that glorious time
Foretold by seers and sung in story,
For which, when thinking was a crime,
Souls leaped to heaven from scaffold's glory;
They passed. But lo; the works they wrought,
Now the crowned hopes of centuries blossom;
the lighining of their living thought
Is flashing through us, brain and bosom;
Tis coming; yes, 'tis coming!

Fraternity; Love's other name!
Dear, heaven-connecting link of being;
Then shall we grasp thy golden dream;
As souls, full-statured, grow far-seeing;
Thou shalt unfold our better part,
And in our life-cup yield more honey;
Light up with joy the poor man's heart,
And Love's own world with smiles more sunny;
Tis coming! Yes, 'Tis coming!
The People's advent's coming!


[The above appeared in our Christmas Number, but as many of the WORKER readers unfortunately have not sixpence to spare, we deem it only right that they should be given a chance of reading an article which has occasioned much stir in political circles. - Ed.]

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