Sunday 30 June 2019

How do you win the climate change war? – Australian politics live podcast

Extract from The Guardian

Montpellier melts under a 45C high as Europe hit by record heatwave

The south of France is like August in Death Valley, officials say, but lessons have been learnt from the deadly summer of 2003
Children swim in Marseille
France activated its highest-level heat alert for four regions around Marseille, above, and Montpellier, in the south of the country. Photograph: Claude Paris/AP

“Where shall we put it?” asked Luc Gomel, the director of Montpellier zoo. “Right on the front gate, to make sure the joggers see it,” came the reply from the reception desk. “They always complain if bits of the park are shut.”
Gomel, sweat patches already blotting his armpits in the early morning heat, pinned the red notice to the gatepost. It warned that, because Montpellier was both on red alert for a heatwave and rated as a “severe” wildfire risk, special measures had been put in place at the zoo.
The city, in the Gard region of the south of France, is baking hot. It was confirmed on Saturday that temperatures reached a record high for the country of 45.9C on Friday in Gallargues-le-Montueux, a nearby village. The weather service said that was comparable to August temperatures in California’s Death Valley. Météo-France lifted its red warning on Saturday but forecast a “very hot day” across a large central band of the country.
His was the sixth heat-related death in the sweltering weather covering much of western Europe. Three people died as a result of the heat in Italy, where Milan was hit by power cuts caused by the demand for air conditioning. For a fourth consecutive day, in Spain, temperatures rose above 43C on Saturday, causing two people to die from heat-related complications. Forty of Spain’s 50 regions were placed under weather alert, with seven of them considered to be at extreme risk, the national meteorological agency said.
Firefighters managed to contain 90% of the wildfires that raged across 60 square kilometres in the northeastern Tarragona province, the Catalan government said, but two other wildfires in the central Toledo region were still burning.

A water trampoline in Germany
People enjoy the hot summer weather on a water trampoline at a lake in Moers, Germany. Photograph: Arnulf Stoffel/AP
He was taking no chances this weekend. Fire trucks were trundling around, soaking the pathways with water. Parts of the park with steep inclines were off-limits: no lions or bears today. The zoo’s current star attraction – the cheetahs, who gave birth last November – were showing how it’s done, lying like lean, furry chaise-longues in the shadows.
France remains chastened by the memory of the 2003 heatwave, in which an estimated 15,000 people died. Not this time, said the health minister, Agnès Buzyn, who was visiting Carémeau hospital in Nîmes. “Unfortunately, it’s impossible to guarantee that no one will die, but we’ve put everything in place to ensure it’s the lowest number possible. Compared with 2003, we’re extremely well prepared – especially with respect to the elderly, especially those isolated at home.”
The preparations seemed to be working this weekend. The inpatient hall was quiet; there were more security guards for the ministerial visit outside. “They’ve put in a lot of preventative measures in advance this time,” said Xavier Faure, who works with the regional health agency. Canicule, or heatwave, warnings were ubiquitous last week. The end-of-day statistics at Carémeau hospital on Friday seemed to justify the approach: only seven people were admitted to casualty for heat-related reasons, one in cardiac arrest; an 8% to 10% increase in call activity.
Over in Nîmes, no one was walking on the limestone esplanade outside the arena walls; the fake centurion union had obviously given everyone the day off. A hot wind, which felt like it bypassed the eyelids to begin desiccating the corneas directly, licked the streets.

An evening swim in lake Walensee in Switzerland
An evening swim in lake Walensee in Switzerland, which was hit by temperatures of up to 39C. Photograph: Gian Ehrenzeller/EPA
“I had a salade Niçoise!” he offered, beaming.
Even the Jardin de la Fontaine, with its ornamental canals, offered little respite. Dust swirled off the ground where a group of locals were playing pétanque.
Patric, a retired Nîmois lorry driver, shrugged off the pressure cooker atmosphere. “It’s nothing – we’re used to it. You’ve just got to let it pass,” he said. But Baptiste, a psychology student from Bordeaux who was dousing himself at a water fountain, was fearful about the future: “We already have an unstable economy – can you imagine adding regular droughts to that too?”
Back down by the arena, Thierry, a roadie working for an events company, thought there may be a lesson for National Rally-voting Nîmes. “It’s the degree or two extra that makes doing this tough,” he said. “That’s why sub-Saharan African has nothing – it’s impossible to work in conditions like this. People here should go and work there. It’d be an education for some people.”
The World Meteorological Organisation said last week that 2019 was on track to being one of the hottest years globally, and 2015 to 2019 would then be the hottest five-year period on record. It said the European heatwave was “absolutely consistent” with extremes linked to the impact of greenhouse gas emissions.

Back at the water fountain in Nîmes, the psychology student contemplated the possibility of record temperatures being beaten regularly in the years ahead. “Have you seen the film Interstellar?” he said. “The Earth isn’t going to die all of a sudden. It’ll be a slow, sad decline.”

Saturday 29 June 2019

As Parliament returns, prepare for more political gamesmanship

Analysis

Posted about 6 hours ago


It feels like an eternity, rather than just three months, since our politicians were in Canberra going through the physical process of governing us though eternity is not necessarily a bad thing.
They return next week — or at least some of them do, with some new colleagues — into a new Parliament, with a sort-of new government trying to put an unpleasant past behind it, and a prime minister promising to concentrate on us, Mr and Mrs Everybody, not political games.
Getting promised tax cuts through the Parliament is therefore a first-order priority for the Government and a quandary for Labor, despite it reaching a formal position on the three stages of the tax cuts.
Political gamesmanship will not really be far away of course, because the Government wants to embarrass Labor as much as possible about the tax cuts — and its election loss — and Labor has to tack and weave to convince people of the merits of its case for (and against) various aspects of the tax cuts.

The quality of the parliamentary manoeuvres will be fascinating to watch: the combination of a new Opposition Leader who is a master of the Parliament at work with a formidable Manager of Opposition Business, Tony Burke, versus a Prime Minister invested with the authority of an election, teamed with a new Leader of the House, Christian Porter, and a government no longer weighed down by the ongoing tensions of the Abbott-Turnbull struggles.
There are also the changing dynamics in the Senate, where the crossbench has been pruned to a much more manageable size.
But it is impossible to escape the ramifications of power plays made in the past, particularly when hands have been overplayed.
"Never hate your enemies," Michael Corleone advised in The Godfather. "It affects your judgement."
And two particular episodes of our recent political history with echoes of that advice ignored are likely to continue to echo through the new parliament next week.

A rich portrait of a government in shambles

The first of those episodes concerns the collapse of Malcolm Turnbull's prime ministership last August, which comes back to the fore amid a range of new books and television programs emerging this week.
The absolute stand-out of these contributions is Niki Savva's book Plots and Prayers, which is officially released on Monday, though two extracts appear in The Australian newspaper.
The first of those extracts detail the extraordinary tussle between two of our brightest lawyers — Malcolm Turnbull and his attorney-general Christian Porter — over whether the original contender last year for Mr Turnbull's job, Peter Dutton, was legally eligible for the job because of constitutional issues.

Fighting for his political life, Mr Turnbull threatened to advise the Governor-General, as the outgoing prime minister, that Mr Dutton was ineligible to serve in the job.
As Savva says: "If Turnbull had followed through, it would have had the potential to trigger a constitutional crisis rivalling that of 1975.
"Back then, Sir John Kerr had sacked a Labor government and a Labor prime minister at the urging of the Liberal leader. Turnbull was seeking to have his own government sacked."

But beyond this extraordinary story, the significance of the forensic detail of Savva's reporting is that it tells us not just about our political leaders, but about what the key figures who remain in the Government think of each other. In many cases, the answer is "not much".
Few of the current crop of politicians come out of the story well, with Mr Porter and Treasurer Josh Frydenberg being two exceptions.
Like Labor in Power in the 1990s, Savva's book has a wealth of on-the-record quotes from the key players in the Government who clearly spoke thinking it would be a book emerging after their election loss, and being perhaps too frank as a result.
There are days, weeks, and months of rich pickings for Labor in the book.
But what it also highlights is a point lost in the acres of coverage of the leadership coup last year: the shambolic nature of Mr Dutton's quest to oust Mr Turnbull from one of the people supposed to be one of the sharpest political operators in the Parliament, and, equally, the chaos of those still clinging around Mr Abbott.
That is, despite all that effort taken to drag Mr Turnbull's office, over years, the Abbott forces, and the right in general, emerge as a politically disorganised rabble and even a hindrance to the efforts of Mr Dutton to challenge his prime minister. Scott Morrison is the beneficiary of this.
Much of this seems driven by the distraction of wanting to tear down Mr Turnbull, rather than focusing on installing Mr Dutton: a classic case of hated enemies and clouded judgement.

Scrambling to get the media back on side

The other dynamic that will haunt the Parliament goes to the overreach involved in the police raids on journalists in Canberra and Sydney.
And that's overreach as privately conceded by figures across the Government, about raids conducted well after the leaks that inspired them, with post-election timing that suggested judgement clouded by hubris, if not hatred, of any suggestion of lack of control over events and information.
The brutal and pragmatic truth is, one suspects, that most people don't give a rats about journalists being raided by police or even press freedom. The media is, after all, one of the least trusted institutions in our society.
But what the raids did splendidly achieve was a unity ticket across media organisations — from News Corporation to Nine and the ABC — which was on display at the National Press Club this week.
Achieving unity from this group is really quite a feat. News Corp, in particular, spends a large slab of its journalistic and columnists' efforts obsessing about the alleged sins of the ABC.
But its greater significance long-term could be a much more cautious and critical approach to further intrusions on personal freedoms in the name of national security than we have seen in the two decades since 9/11.

Recognising this, there is talk within the Government of a shift in gear to deal with whistleblowers and journalists, and secrecy generally, in future.
The idea is what might be called a "graded regime of leaking sins", to better guide the wallopers of the Australian Federal Police who have been left carrying the can for the heavy-handed nature of the most recent raids.
That is, much clearer guidance to the police about just how far and hard they go in pursuing leaks, and also greater emphasis on the idea that it is the leakers, rather than the journalists, who are in the law enforcement agencies' sights.
The clear hope is that such a regime will reduce the pressure from media organisations. But it shouldn't.
Journalists and news organisations should have as much, if not more, interest in protecting whistleblowers as they have in protecting their own interests.
In all the examinations of both the leaks and the Government's already extensive powers to scrutinise us, this will hopefully not be forgotten.

Laura Tingle is 7.30's chief political correspondent.

New temperature record set as France swelters through June heatwave

Updated about an hour ago


France has registered its highest temperature since records began as the death toll rose from a heatwave suffocating much of Europe.

Key points:

  • The previous highest temperature record in France was set in 2003
  • Wildfires are being fought in northeast Spain, which firefighters said could easily quadruple in size
  • A 93-year-old man in central Spain collapsed and died from the extreme heat

The mercury hit 45.9 degrees Celsius in Villevieille, in the southerly Provence region, the weather forecaster Meteo France said, almost two degrees above the previous high of 44.1 Celsius recorded in August 2003.
The World Meteorological Organisation said that 2019 was on track to be among the world's hottest years, and that 2015-2019 would then be the hottest five-year period on record.
It said the European heatwave was "absolutely consistent" with extremes linked to the impact of greenhouse gas emissions.
Four administrative departments in France were placed on red alert, signalling temperatures of "dangerous intensity" that are more typical of Saudi Arabia.

Deaths and injuries reported due to extreme heat

Temperatures in parts of Spain were expected to hit a new June record of 43 degrees.
Since 1975, Spain has registered nine heatwaves in June. Five of them, however, have been in the past decade, according to the Spanish meteorological office.
In Catalonia, in north-east Spain, bushfires were raging across 60 square kilometres of land, but firefighters said that area could quadruple.
Farmers were asked to stop all work across the region for 48 hours.

In the city of Valladolid in central Spain, a 93-year-old man collapsed and died due to the heat, police said.
And in a small town outside Cordoba, a 17-year-old died of heat-related effects after jumping into a swimming pool to cool off after a day working in the fields, regional health authorities said.
In France, one boy was seriously hurt when he was thrown back by a jet of water from a fire hydrant.
Some 4,000 schools were either closed or running a limited service to help working parents unable to stay at home.
French families with elderly relatives who were ill or living alone were advised to call or visit them twice a day and take them to cool places, while the state-run rail operator SNCF offered free cancellations or exchanges on long-distance trips.
The greater Paris region, Ile de France, had already banned more than half of cars from its roads as the stifling heat worsened air pollution, the toughest restriction provided for — although all cars were to be allowed to leave the city as school holidays began.
The cities of Lyon, Strasbourg and Marseille have also restricted traffic.
The unusually high temperatures are forecast to last until early next week.


Reuters

Friday 28 June 2019

Centrelink robo-debt system is 'extortion', says former tribunal member

Updated about 9 hours ago


The longest-serving member of Australia's government review tribunal has offered a withering assessment of the Department of Human Services' automated debt recovery program, describing it as a form of extortion.

Key points:

  • Terry Carney, former member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, has described the robo-debt scheme as "extortion"
  • Victoria Legal Aid has launched two federal court cases challenging robo-debts
  • The Department of Human Services says it is legally obliged to pursue debts

Terry Carney served as a member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal's social security division for 39 years until his term ended in September 2017.
As part of his work he heard some of the first cases about the Federal Government's online compliance initiative, dubbed the "robo-debt" scheme by some.
Since leaving his position he has become an outspoken critic of the scheme.

Mr Carney told 7.30 that Centrelink repeatedly refused to offer any clear legal defence of the program.
"The [Human Services] Department's conduct is abysmal," he said.
"It's the conduct that you would expect [from] a tinpot, third-world country.
"At no stage does Centrelink ever seek to defend the unlawful basis on which it's raising those debts.
"[It's] a bit like the Mafia saying, you know: 'You owe me money. Do I have to prove that you owe me money? No I don't.'
"That … is what we usually say is extortion."
The robo-debt scheme matches income data from the Australian Tax Office with income reported to Centrelink by welfare recipients.
If a discrepancy is detected, people are automatically sent a letter asking for further information such as payslips and bank statements, often from years earlier.
Since 2016 some of those receiving payments such as Youth Allowance and Newstart have been asked to verify their income dating back as far as 2010.

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If the recipients do not respond or are unable to find proof of their employment details, a further letter is sometimes sent raising a debt against them. Crucially, it puts the onus on the individual to prove they do not owe any money.

'A huge impact on people's lives'

Devi Barker said she first became aware of her debt when she was contacted by debt collectors saying she owed $7,616.05.
"They were demanding that I make payment. I felt quite stressed, especially when they said that … my wages would be deducted, and that I wouldn't be able to leave the country," Ms Barker told 7.30.

The debts were raised from a period dating from 2010 to 2012. The Department of Human Services no longer raises debts dating back to this period after it undertook a review of the system.
"When I went to try and get bank statements from the bank they said that they don't hold records for longer than seven years," she said.
"I'm confident that I gave Centrelink the correct information."
Ms Barker's case outlines the challenge that a number of recipients of automated debts face: finding payslips from employers or records from banks can be difficult. Without that proof they can face a major obstacle in contesting the debt.
"I'm being made out to be a criminal," Ms Barker said.
"These debts are having a huge impact on people's lives and people's wellbeing.
"It's extremely stressful and especially when you can't prove that you don't have any debt. You have no power, and yet they're still pursuing the debts."

The Department of Human Services told 7.30 it could not respond to individual cases for privacy reasons.
The robo-debt scheme is now facing a major legal challenge. Victoria Legal Aid has launched two federal court cases challenging the validity of the automated debts raised against their clients.
It filed the second case in June this year after the Department of Human Services wiped the debt of the first court applicant.
Victoria Legal Aid executive director Rowan McRae, who is leading the team of lawyers in the court challenges, told 7.30: "We're asking a court to scrutinise the scheme and determine whether or not it is in fact lawful.
"We know it's unfair. We know it's having a terrible impact on our clients. But we also think the scheme is unlawful and we'd like a court to test that."
If the challenges are successful it could have broad ramifications for the scheme and the manner in which the Department of Human Services is able to lawfully raise debts.

Figures from the department released in Senate Estimates in March 2019 show that 444,989 robo-debts were raised from July 2016 to December 2018.
"Many people will be watching these cases with much interest to see what implications they may have for their own robo-debts," Ms McRae said.
The Department of Human Services declined an interview request from 7.30, but said in a statement it would not comment on matters currently before the courts.
It stressed that people were not automatically sent debt notices and were first given an opportunity to respond to any discrepancies identified.
"Debt recovery is a fundamental principle of our welfare system — when someone has a debt, the department is legally obliged to pursue recovery of the overpayment," a spokeswoman said.
The spokeswoman added that a review from the Commonwealth Ombudsman found that it was "reasonable and appropriate" for the agency to ask people to explain discrepancies in data from other government agencies.

Minister for Government Services Stuart Roberts declined an interview request from 7.30 and referred to the department's response.

Thursday 27 June 2019

Europe heatwave: cities take steps to limit effects of record temperatures

Germany imposes speed limits on highways while schools in France remain closed
Heatwave in Rome
The historic early summer heatwave has reached the Italian capital, with tourists trying to protect from the scorching sun using an umbrella. Photograph: Angelo Carconi/EPA

European cities are taking exceptional steps to limit the impact of a historic early summer heatwave as temperatures across the continent approached monthly and, in some places, all-time records.
Authorities have warned that temperatures could pass 40C and reach 45C in parts of the continent by Saturday as a plume of hot air moves north from the Sahara, sucked northwards by a stalled storm over the Atlantic and high pressure in central Europe.
In Germany, where the 38.6C recorded on Wednesday in Coschen, near the Polish border, exceeded the country’s previous June high, officials imposed a 120km/h speed limit on stretches of the Saxony-Anhalt autobahn as the road surface began to deteriorate, while rail tracks buckled near Rostock on the Baltic Sea.

In Brandenburg, police said they were “speechless” as a man was stopped riding his moped naked, and after guards caused uproar in Munich by ordering a group of women to put their bikini tops back on, the city council was set to debate a by-law change to allow topless bathing.
Schools in parts of France, meanwhile – where an all-time heat record of 44.1C could be beaten on Friday – were expected to remain closed until the end of the week, while authorities in Paris, Lyon, Strasbourg and Marseille banned older cars from entering their city centres to combat pollution.
Regional Île-de-France authorities estimated the measure would affect nearly 60% of vehicles circulating around the French capital, including delivery vans and trucks, and many cars older than 10 years, which have higher emissions than newer models.
With temperatures in Milan forecast to hit 40C, charities were preparing to distribute 10,000 bottles of free water to the homeless and other people in need, while 33 of Spain’s 50 provinces will be facing record-breaking temperatures, which could reach 44C.
Innsbruck’s famous “fiaker” carriage horses were taken off the streets as the city recorded 36.7C, breaking the 2012 record for Tyrol state of 36.6C.
Three people, including two in their 70s, died in southern France after suffering heart attacks and other problems while swimming. French authorities have warned of the dangers of diving into cold water in very hot conditions, but there was no immediate confirmation the deaths were related to the heatwave.
In Poland, the interior ministry said 90 people have drowned so far this month trying to cool off in lakes or rivers, and in Lithuania 27 people were reported to have died in similar circumstances as temperatures in the Baltic state soared above 35C.

Scientists have said Europe’s 2019 heatwave, like last year’s, was closely linked to the climate emergency and that such extreme weather events will be many times more likely over the coming decades.

After 40 years of climate activism, I feel a surge of hope

I was arrested at an Extinction Rebellion protest and found guilty of an offence. But I don’t regret it for a second
I am now 68 years of age but when I was 21, in my final year at university, I became aware of major problems then facing the world – war, poverty, acid rain, ozone depletion, desertification, deforestation, species loss, civil and military uses and abuses of nuclear power, pollution, population growth, consumerism and the climate crisis. I was determined to devote my life to helping solve these problems. After spending three years in Cameroon, learning about deforestation for timber and cash crops such as palm oil, and the exploitation of the rich resources of Africa to the detriment of locals and enrichment of corporations and western societies, I returned home to the nuclear weapons crisis of the cold war.
I joined the Greenham Common protests, founded the Snowball civil disobedience campaign and then later the anti-nuclear weapons group Trident Ploughshares. I also became involved in work on the climate crisis. I learned that everything is connected and that it all has an impact on the climate, on biodiversity and on the sustainability of life on Earth. I discovered more about how our reliance on fossil fuels was causing the greenhouse effect and soon joined with climate scientists and local environmentalists to start a group in Norwich that tried to educate the public.
We put up maps showing how much of East Anglia and London would be under water as temperatures soared and the sea levels rose. This was in the early 1980s. We concentrated on what individuals could do to lower their carbon footprints – by putting up solar panels, changing lightbulbs, practising recycling and re-use, eating less meat, using public transport, shopping carefully and locally, and consuming less.

Women’s peace protests - RAF Greenham Common air base
‘I joined the Greenham Common protests, founded the Snowball civil disobedience campaign and then later the anti-nuclear weapons group Trident Ploughshares.’ Photograph: PA
After discovering the impact that UK timber imports were having on the loss of old-growth forests and their biodiversity, I even got involved in carbon sinks and sustainable forest management. I worked with major UK timber importers to persuade them to stop importing timber stolen from indigenous reserves in South America and Asia.
But of course individuals changing their personal lifestyles was not enough. Governments had to get involved and make systemic changes. However, very few people and governments listened to us. We were Cassandras, considered doom-mongers, nihilists, mad. But if governments had acted then, we would not be at crisis point now.
I cannot really understand why those in power have refused to act. After all, it is their world, too. I know politicians are relentlessly lobbied by the extractive industries, that there is a revolving door from politics and the civil service to the oil and aviation industries. But when our society and ecosystem collapses around us, none of us will be able to eat, drink, or breathe money.
We know what to do to tackle the climate crisis, but it is not being done. Yet to be depressed and to lose all hope only makes the problem worse. I am fearful for the future for myself, for my family and for all living creatures on this fragile planet. I believe there is a real and substantial threat to all our lives and that, in accordance with the science, urgent and systemic changes to our society must be taken now to mitigate the danger.
Over the past 40 years I have tried everything I could think of to create the changes necessary to combat the climate emergency and prevent catastrophic collapse. That is why I took part in a peaceful road blockade in April with Extinction Rebellion, as a result of which I was convicted this week of a public order offence. I believed our action could persuade our government to implement three demands to help save our world for future generations.
First, to tell the truth by declaring a climate and ecological emergency and to work with other institutions to communicate the urgency for change. Second, to act now to halt biodiversity loss and reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net-zero by 2025. Third, to go beyond politics and be led by the decisions of a citizens’ assembly on climate and ecological justice. Following the wave of actions in London that began on 15 April, I believe that the necessity of our work, and its success in raising the alarm, are now widely acknowledged.

An oil refinery in Lemont, Illinois
‘Politicians are relentlessly lobbied by the fossil fuel and extractive industries; there is a revolving door from politics, and the civil service to the oil and aviation industries.’ Photograph: Scott Olson/Getty Images
Like most people, I do not like being arrested. I did not want to spend three days in police cells refusing what I considered to be unreasonable bail conditions preventing me from returning to the protests. I do not enjoy spending time in courts, nor do I wish to spend scarce resources travelling from Wales to London for the hearings.
If the government had done its job of acting in the public interest by providing people with honest information about the scale and urgency of the threat, if it had addressed the threat instead of compounding it, I would not have needed to engage in nonviolent direct action.
Even though I did refuse to move when asked to by a policeman, I believed I was justified in remaining at the protest and taking part in what I considered to be a reasonable and proportionate response to the climate emergency. I believed that my action, alongside many of the thousands gathered in London that week, would help avoid disaster and lead to change. And this has been proved to be true. It has opened up a space for real debate about the climate emergency and what practical actions can be taken. Wales became the first country to formally declare a climate emergency. A few days later, the UK government declared a climate and environmental emergency.
I have been involved in persuading my own town council in Knighton, Powys, to declare a climate emergency and to hold public meetings to decide what practical actions can be taken. I believe that this would not have happened without the creative disruption we caused in central London.
Given that our fragile planet is undergoing a climate crisis that will soon culminate in chaos and massive loss of life, I had to do all in my power to bring about the necessary changes to prevent this catastrophe.
I hope you will agree that what I did was a reasonable, proportionate and necessary response to the emergency situation we are in.

This is an edited extract of Angie Zelter’s statement at Hendon magistrates court on 25 June. She was found guilty of a minor public order offence and given a conditional discharge

Why the ABC is going to court over police raids

Analysis

Updated about 5 hours ago


The police raid on the ABC was the first thing a group of visiting ASEAN journalists asked about when we met at Ultimo a few days ago.
The journalists — from Laos, Brunei, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore and Indonesia — wanted me to explain what had happened, and why.
I explained that the Australian Federal Police officers were polite, suited, allowed the whole event to be live-tweeted and ordered in coffee and snacks as they spent hours searching through thousands of electronic files.
It was entirely civilised. It was also, as many have observed, utterly chilling for journalism in Australia.
The AFP came to the ABC nearly two years after the Afghan Files stories were published.
The visit followed changes the Attorney-General had made to the criminal code, including the public interest defence for journalists. The police search relied on a warrant issued in Queanbeyan.
All of this invited unflattering commentary, here and overseas, about national security overreach and Australia's constitutional shortcomings in protecting free speech.

Nearly three weeks later the ABC is asking the Federal Court to declare the search warrant invalid and is seeking a permanent injunction stopping the AFP from accessing the electronic files removed from Ultimo on a sealed USB.

A proportional first response

The ABC, the Right-to-Know media coalition and other groups, are also making the case for changes to laws to protect whistleblowers and journalists.
Bigger, more complex, arguments will be had about a bill of rights or Media Freedom Act but here's what the ABC would like Canberra to change immediately.
1. Put the onus on prosecutors to disprove public interest rather than on journalists to prove it.
Make this an essential part of the investigative process, rather than placing the burden on journalists when they're the target of criminal charges in court.
2. The Attorney-General has already flagged changes to the Public Interest Disclosure Act to protect whistleblowers.
The ABC supports broadening protections to cover all categories of information and the addition of a public interest defence for whistleblowers.
3. Raise the bar for issuing search warrants against journalists.
Police should have to apply to a judge to search a media organisation or to access a journalist's metadata (mobile phone records, for example). It should be a contested process. And warrants shouldn't enable police to chase confidential information provided by sources (as opposed to leaked official documents).
4. Strengthen Freedom of Information compliance by auditing classification processes by government agencies, to create a culture of transparency and accountability, not secrecy. Limit exemptions.

There are other valid suggestions, but the ABC legal team and knowledgeable external advisors see this as a practical and proportional first response and one that provides broader protections for journalists and whistleblowers, without compromising national security.

The case for change

At the National Press Club on Wednesday the bosses of the ABC, NewsCorp and Nine appeared together to make the case for urgent change.
Attorney-General Christian Porter has said he would be seriously disinclined to approve prosecutions of journalists except in the most exceptional circumstances. He doesn't think more protections for journalists are needed.
But the warrant the AFP relied on to enter the ABC authorised police to search for evidence journalist Dan Oakes had allegedly committed the offences of receiving stolen goods and unlawfully obtaining military information.
It also authorised police to record fingerprints found at the premises and to take samples for forensic purposes.
These are the exclusive stories Dan Oakes filed and the ABC published, and believe to have been in the public interest.

Reporters certainly aren't above the law.
But since the 9/11 attacks, dozens of security and counter-terrorism laws have been passed by federal parliament in Australia. As others have noted — more than in Britain, more than the United States.
And the raids on the home of News Corp reporter Annika Smethurst and the ABC headquarters clearly demonstrate that agencies will use powers made available to them.
Journalists are often dismissed as troublemakers because they ask awkward questions, reveal difficult truths and hold the powerful to account.

Why it matters

It isn't a popularity contest and can attract abrasive characters, but fearless independent reporting is indispensable to any healthy democracy.
The AFP raids have galvanised a broad alliance of competing media, prominent lawyers and academics.
Change is likely to depend on whether politicians believe everyday Australians really care about responsible public interest journalism.
Damage has already been done. Sources have gone to ground. Australia's reputation as an open society has taken a hit.
Prominent Australian human rights barrister Geoffrey Robertson says invasions of press freedom are usually a sign of a second-rate country.
That's not how we see ourselves, but when police walk in the front door of Australia's national public broadcaster to comb through thousands of electronic files … it's time for a hard reality check.

Wednesday 26 June 2019

Europe heatwave: record high of 45C expected in France

Temperature records expected to be broken as minister warns heatwaves could become norm
People sit in the shade under a bridge in the center of Lyon, central France. More than half of France was placed on an orange alert for intense heat Monday _ the second-highest level on the scale.
People sit in the shade under a bridge in the center of Lyon, central France. More than half of France was placed on an orange alert for intense heat Monday _ the second-highest level on the scale. Photograph: Laurent Cipriani/AP

National high temperature records set mostly in late July or August are likely to be broken across Europe this week as an unprecedented, potentially deadly early summer heatwave sweeps across the continent.
Meteorologists expect previous June highs to be approached and possibly exceeded in Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Switzerland, with all-time records likely to fall in some countries.
“The latest forecasts leave little room for doubt: we are heading for a new national record,” said Guillaume Woznica, a French forecaster, noting Météo-France was now predicting peaks of 45C (113F) in the southern towns of Nîmes and Carpentras on Friday.
The highest reliable June temperature previously recorded in France was 41.5C on 21 June 2003. The country’s highest ever temperature, recorded at two separate locations in southern France on 12 August during the same 2003 heatwave, was 44.1C.
“At our local Potsdam station, operating since 1893, we’re set to break the past June record by about 2C,” tweeted Stefan Rahmstorf, of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research. Eastern parts of Germany, including Berlin, are already experiencing their hottest June on record.
High temperatures are expected to climb further throughout the week, from Spain to the Czech Republic, as the combination of a storm stalling over the Atlantic and high pressure over central Europe pulls very hot air northwards from the Sahara.

A zookeeper sprays water on an Asian elephant at a zoo in Berlin on Tuesday.
A zookeeper sprays water on an Asian elephant at a zoo in Berlin on Tuesday. Photograph: Jens Schlueter/EPA
A 2015 report on heatwaves and health, by the World Meteorological Organization and World Health Organization, found early summer heatwaves had been shown to be associated with greater impacts on mortality than later heatwaves of comparable or higher temperatures.

A heatmap for France for 27 June, tweeted by the university meteorologist Ruben Hallali, next to the Edvard Munch painting The Scream, was widely shared on social media.

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A gauche carte des températures à 1500m prévues par GFS. A droite le cri de Munch.
Jamais vu ça en 15 que je regarde des cartes météo

From the low to mid-30Cs on Tuesday in parts of Spain, France and Italy, most weather models predict temperatures will rise by Thursday to the low to mid-40Cs in south and central France and north-east Spain, and the upper 30Cs in much of the rest of continental Europe.
As authorities placed health services and retirement homes on alert, urged children and older people to stay indoors, handed out free water and recommended vigilance against dehydration and heatstroke, the French president, Emmanuel Macron said: “As you know, at times like these, sick people, pregnant women, infants and elderly people are the most vulnerable.
“We must be vigilant and have preventive measures in place in order to intervene as quickly as possible.”

France’s health minister, Agnès Buzyn, said the country was better prepared than in the 2003 heatwave, when 15,000 more people died than in a normal summer. “Our plans have got better and better,” she said. “Our alerts are more efficient.”

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Societal change was going to be necessary, Buzyn said. “We will have to change the way we live, the way we act, the way we work, travel, dress … We are going to have to change our habits and stop thinking these episodes are exceptional.”
Among the first to be affected have been France’s high-school students, with the national brevet exams, sat by 15-year-olds, postponed by the education minister on safety grounds from Thursday and Friday until early next week.
Brussels halted horse-and-carriage rides for tourists because of animal welfare concerns, Le Soir newspaper reported, while in Germany media reported a 32-year-old man in Hemer, outside Düsseldorf, had stripped naked in the frozen food section of his local supermarket in an effort to escape the heat.

A child dips her feet in a fountain in Rome on Tuesday.
A child dips her feet in a fountain in Rome on Tuesday.
Photograph: Yara Nardi/Reuters
Rahmstorf said the current heatwave, following unusually high temperatures last summer that caused increased mortality rates, a decline in crop yields and wildfires inside the Arctic Circle, was consistent with climate scientists’ predictions.
“Weather data show that heatwaves and other weather extremes are on the rise in recent decades,” he said. “The hottest summers in Europe since the year AD1500 all occurred since the turn of the last century: 2018, 2010, 2003, 2016, 2002.”


Monthly records were now falling five times as often as they would in a stable climate, Rahmstorf said, adding this was “a consequence of global warming caused by the increasing greenhouse gases from burning coal, oil and gas”.