Extract from ABC News
SS Orama, pictured departing Woolloomooloo, Sydney in 1925, was built by the Orient Steam Navigation Company. (ANMM Collection: Peter Britz)
More than a century ago the sleek shape of luxury ocean liners was a regular sighting along the south coast of New South Wales.
A reminder of that period of Australian maritime history can be seen on each street corner of Orient Point, north of Jervis Bay, where the Crookhaven River meets the sea.
Here roads, streets and avenues are named after liners of the Orient Steam Navigation Company, whose ships were all given names starting with the letter O.
The cruise ships inspired Henry F Halloran, a surveyor and land developer, who established the estate in 1917.
In Orient Point, all street names begin with the letter "O". (ABC Illawarra: Sarah Moss)
Inger Sheil from the Australian National Maritime Museum says the relationship between the street names and ships reflects a snapshot of what was going on around the world at that time.
"The study of toponymy and how maritime history impacts how we name places, street names, suburb names, everything up to names of pubs is really an interesting indication of how maritime trade has impacted our social history," she said.
Inger Sheil reflects on how pride in 19th-century British boatbuilding features in Australian town planning. (ABC: Sarah Moss)
Voyage of exploration
While the process for naming streets differs across each state and territory, in NSW, prior to the Roads Act of 1993, streets were named by surveyors or prospectors who owned the land.
The Orient Steam Navigation Company was established in the 1870s.
Named after a clipper ship, the Orient Line inaugurated its first purpose-built steamer, SS Orient, which after 40 days at sea, arrived in Australia.
The Orient Point boat ramp resides at the end of Orentes Street, which is named after an ocean liner. (ABC Illawarra: Sarah Moss)
Ms Sheil says from Orama, the largest liner to sail here, to Ormand, which transported 17,500 post-war migrants, road names in Orient Point reflect the pride Commonwealth nations had in British shipbuilding.
She says even if Henry Halloran, a Freemason and member of multiple societies, wasn't directly involved in the maritime industry, it is clear he felt pride in these ships.
Henry F Halloran was a speculator, surveyor, conveyancer and businessman who developed estates across NSW. (Supplied: South Coast History)
"They were emblematic and they're establishing important trade; they're bringing people but they're also bringing our goods back to the UK.
"We were a new country, we were newly federated and these ships are symbolic of an emerging nation."
Ms Sheil, who works with liner history from around the world, said researching Orient Point Estate was a voyage of exploration.
"This was not a particular subset of street names I was aware of," she said.
"But this neighbourhood is a snapshot of what was important in shipbuilding in that decade in the teens.
"It's not just about Australian shipbuilding, if you know about international shipbuilding, it is there, it's just caught in the moment."
Henry F Halloran named all the streets after ships from the Orient Steam Navigation Company. (Supplied: Jervis Bay Maritime Museum)
Henry F Halloran
The life of a surveyor at the turn of the 20th century wasn't glamorous, the camps were not luxurious, and you might get home every few months, but Jervis Bay Maritime Museum and Gallery curator Kate Clancy says that didn't stop Henry F Halloran from developing, among other locations, Orient Point Estate.
Kate Clancy stands among files from the Henry F Halloran business archives. (ABC Illawarra: Sarah Moss)
A self-made man, Halloran purchased and auctioned land at Seaforth in Sydney and between 1906 and 1909 established estates across NSW including Cronulla, Warriewood, Stanwell Park and later Jervis Bay.
Orient Point was conceived as part of Halloran's vision of two cities servicing Jervis Bay as a bustling commercial port.
Ms Clancy is cataloguing the Henry Halloran and Co business archive donated by Henry's son Warren at the maritime museum and gallery.
How a garden city movement developed, then crumbled. (ABC Illawarra: Sarah Moss)
She says despite the archive covering 60 years and containing 30,000 items, they've found no evidence explaining Halloran's road-naming process.
"We've got plans, lithographs, subdivision posters, brochures, photographs, it's a very eclectic collection.
"Pretty much everything was kept but, I'm so sorry, I don't have any inclination about why he named the roads after Orient liners, no further understanding at all."
The archives contain documents identifying the estates Henry F Halloran established. (Supplied: Jervis Bay Maritime Museum)
However, among others, Halloran also named roads in Tunilba Bay at Port Stephens, which are themed after World War I.
"There's Conquest Crescent, Peace Parade, Diggers Drive, streets named after different general and battles," Ms Clancy said.
"So, sometimes estates had interesting street names, but I am not sure on this one to be honest."
History in the making
For many years Alan Branson was president of the Orient Point Progress Association assisting, with financial aide from Warren Halloran, to establish a community health centre and a retirement village.
Alan Branson with an aerial photograph of Orient Point and surrounds taken 60 years ago. (ABC Illawarra: Sarah Moss)
In 2009 Mr Branson produced aerial photographs for the book History in the Making: Culburra Beach, Orient Point, Crookhaven Heads, by local author Pat Welch, which relates how Henry F Halloran named streets after ships of the Orient Shipping Line.
"Henry Halloran and Warren Halloran have given a lot to the community," Mr Branson said.
"His contribution to the museum is phenomenal, he's given all that to the community and he didn't get any financial benefit out of that."
Jerrinja people Jenny and Shelly Wellington with Alan Branson at Orient Point's oldest residence, once a boat-building business.
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